Between October 2007 and December 2011, about 23% of animals caught on the drum lines died. [23], Following 11 shark attacks along the New South Wales north coast between 2014 and 2016, including two fatalities,[24] shark nets and "smart" drum lines were deployed in December 2016 to cover five additional beaches along the New South Wales North Coast in a six-month trial. For an ocean with sharks is a healthy ocean and one that stands a greater chance in mitigating against the climate emergency we are in. Last but not least, on our list of pros and cons of culling animals is the role culling plays in the extinction of endangered animals. "[31], Shark nets and drum lines are utilised to kill sharks in a "shark control" program in KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa[1][12][42] which has been occurring in KwaZulu-Natal since the 1950s. What Is Shark Culling? [67][51][66][79] The Sea Shepherd group says, "private investors are trialing various programs such as electronic deterrents, drones, the Eco Shark Barrier at a local beach in Perth, and smart phone applications which use social media to advise the community of where sharks are spotted". PROS: Less likely to make wearer look like a seal. has been looking into available options to minimize the risk of shark attacks. [78], In a program in Recife, Brazil, sharks were captured and moved 8 kilometers away from local beaches (though, the program did result in the deaths of about 23% of animals caught on the drum lines, including 114 sharks between 2007 and 2011). and other bivalves. Free of shark harassment, turtles are munching seagrass, and crabs have been disrupting seabed sediment. When bats are culled in South America to prevent rabies, for example, care must be taken to remove overabundant vampire bats, rather than insectivorous bats that typically do not interact with. also dubbed as the Shark Mitigation Strategy, is the deliberate killing of sharks by government authorities in response to shark attacks, often backed by public safety concerns (an effort to reduce shark attacks on public beaches). Unfortunately, of the 172 sharks that were killed, none were white sharks. But males cant lay eggs, and they also cant be sold for meat because of their small sizes. The government came up with a program to combat the disease. They believe that we should protect the danger and put sharks before humans. [20] Between September 2017 and April 2018, more than 403 animals were killed in the nets in New South Wales, including 10 critically endangered grey nurse sharks, seven dolphins, seven green sea turtles and 14 great white sharks. Surfer Mick Fanning changed the colour of his board from yellow to dark blue after hearing sharks were attracted to lightly coloured, shiny things. There is another fascinating benefit they provide, with the bigger shark species using their size to intimidate and regulate the behaviour of their prey, stopping them from overusing certain habitats. [37] However, a 2014 poll indicated that 80% of Australians did not approve of shark culling in Australia. Many tourists are willing to pay thousands of dollars to go on hunting expeditions aimed at culling animals. Will smart drum lines actually prevent shark attacks? The program is based largely on claims by the WA government that the cull will a) increase ocean safety, b) not. It causes severe illness in animals and humans. Below are the 10 important pros and cons of culling animals. In New Zealand, for example, after WWI, the emus had multiplied so fast that they were a danger to farmers. These measures are dangerous to other sea creatures like rays, turtles, dolphins, and small, harmless sharks, which get caught up in the traps. Miscellaneous The Canadian seal hunt is another example. As a result, hundreds of professional deer hunters have been employed to help eliminate those with undesirable antlers. [12] Although shark species such as the great white shark are protected in South Africa, the KwaZulu-Natal Sharks Board is allowed to kill these sharks (an exception was made for them). But the question is, do shark culling programs help save human lives? What Is The Purpose Of Shark Culling? Put simply, shark culling is a deliberate government action to kill and reduce the numbers of sharks in our oceans, which is usually an unthoughtful, knee-jerk reaction to a shark attack. A survey of more than 1,800 people found significant similarities in how different groups of . It is a disservice to the public. The WA Fisheries minister highlighted the need to concentrate and invest in new and emerging technologies that offer real protection for the people who are most at risk, i.e., surfers and swimmers. The Dorsal App claims to be Australia's largest shark alerts and reporting service. Apart from harming unrelated species, culling may also have worse ecological consequences that may affect humans. It has been said that these methods of shark control have trapped over 5,000 marine turtles, and killed hundreds of dolphins, whales, rays, and other marine animals. Marketed as 'eco friendly' having become artificial habitats for marine life. But scientists argue that while such hunts may quench the public's desire for vengeance after a [shark] attack, they do little to reduce the likelihood of another one. Acoustic pulses from tags are detected by underwater receivers also known as listening stations but sharks need to swim close (typically within 500 metres) to a listening station for its acoustic tag to be detected. to reach maturity. We should always establish both the pros and cons of culling animals before imposing any culling measures on any species. Well, heres a detailed list of all the benefits and drawbacks that come with this practice. [25] No shark attacks occurred at the netted beaches during the trial, and the trial was continued for the 2017-18 summer. The tags are attached to a small arrow-head and a short tether and are usually attached to sharks using a tag pole as they swim past a vessel. All This service may include material from Agence France-Presse (AFP), APTN, Reuters, AAP, CNN and the BBC World Service which is copyright and cannot be reproduced. You will find affiliate links which means we may earn a commission if you purchase through these links. is a freelance blogger based in Pakistan. The WA State Government has issued a tender for professional fishers to catch and kill all white, bull and tiger sharks more than three metres long in certain areas along the state's coast. The state's shark control policy has captured over 5,000 turtles, 1,014 dolphins, nearly 700 dugongs and 120 whales, all of which are federally protected marine species. Shark culling is a term used to describe the blatant killing of sharks and is also used by some to describe the use of traditional drumlines. In 2016, the country also announced a decision to cull hippos in Kruger National Park after a drought. Cape Cod voters, tourists and commercial fishermen are all likely to recognize sharks as an important, beneficial piece of the local marine ecosystem, but when it comes to seals, the groups have more divergent views, according to newly published data. 426 Words; 2 Pages; Decent Essays. The program did not change the rate of shark attacks in the waters of Hawaii. ", "Surfer Shark Attack On Reunion Island Leaves Man Without Arm And Foot", "Shark Cull Announced By France Follows Second Fatal Attack Off Runion Island This Year", "Another Fatal Shark Attack On Runion Island Bodyboarder And Trained Shark-spotter Is Ninth Death In Six Years", "Dunedin shark-nets film 'positive environmental story', "Here's How Communities Around The World Are Trying To Prevent Shark Attacks (, "Alternatives to Shark Nets and Drumlines", "Australia: More than 170 sharks caught under controversial cull program", "WA Abandons Shark Culling Program, But Reserves Right To Kill Again", "Premier Mark McGowan's Shark Plan Not Enough To Protect Us", "Sharks To Be Caught On SMART Drum Lines Off WA's South West After Labor U-turn", "Environmental activists demand shark drum line trial be abandoned", "EPA determines SMART drumline proposal would have minimal impact", "QUEENSLAND GOVERNMENT RESPONSE TO SENATE REFFERRED[sic] INQUIRY INTO THE EFFICACY AND REGULATION OF SHARK MITIGATION AND DETERRENT MEASURES", "Surfing Australia submission to the Senate Enquiry into the Efficacy and Regulation of Shark Deterrent Measures", "Inside La Runion's Shark Cull: Why the Locals Want Them Dead", "Beyond the panic: the facts about shark nets", "HISTORY OF PROTECTION AGAINST SHARK ATTACK IN KZN", https://zslpublications.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1111/acv.12096, "The Importance of Sharks In the Ecosystem", "Western Australia's shark cull faces legal challenge from conservationists", "Media Statements - WA to conduct scientific trial of SMART drumlines", http://www.sealifetrust.org.au/cause-view/, "Mike Baird is right, culling sharks doesn't work here's what we can do instead", "Call to classify shark culling and drum lines as threats to endangered species", http://www.southcoasttoday.com/news/20181008/expert-shark-threat-always-going-to-be-problem-for-cape-cod, "How to swim with sharks and not get eaten", "Shark attack survivor and drumline contractor say conservation group supporters harass them", "Wiley: Humane Strategy Reduces Shark Attacks", "A Review of the Biology and Status of White Sharks in Australian Waters", "Shark Bycatch in Commercial Fisheries: A Global Perspective", https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Shark_culling&oldid=1136492434, This page was last edited on 30 January 2023, at 15:59. Without sparrows, the locusts and pests destroyed a lot of grain, contributing to the Great Famine of China that killed millions of people. Wildlife biologists in Tasmania wanted to reduce the population of feral cats. The culling of animals is also beneficial in helping to maintain the sustainability of the ecosystem. The Premier says such behaviour has damaged the standing of the environmental movement. There is also the financial cost of installation and personnel to monitor the nets for bycatch. Most shark nets are deployed in Western Australia, where shark populations are vast and shark attacks are relatively common when compared to other areas. This helps to improve the overall genetic quality of the herd. There has been strong opposition to the policy, including from one man who vandalised Premier Colin Barnetts office. PROS: Statistics support the efficacy of drumlines in reducing shark attacks. It was curtailed by the culling of more than one million pigs. In total, more than 8,000 marine species with some level of protection status have been caught by the Queensland Shark Control Program, including 719 loggerhead turtles, 442 manta rays and 33 critically endangered hawksbill turtles. [1], Drum lines have been criticized for being environmentally destructive and speciesist, and have sparked public demonstrations and vocal opposition, particularly from environmentalists, animal welfare advocates and ocean activists. Pros Cons Sharks are an important source of tourism across Australia. They are used throughout Western Australia where they are typically fixed at a depth of about 6 meters and run just under 200 meters long. AEST = Australian Eastern Standard Time which is 10 hours ahead of GMT (Greenwich Mean Time), abc.net.au/news/protecting-humans-from-sharks-what-are-the-options/7979206, Get breaking news alerts directly to your phone with our app. Sea Shepherd is calling on the Western Australian Government to do the following: - To put an immediate end to this proposal of increasing shark takes by the commercial fishing sector or culling sharks as it . Heres How, Surfing Stoned. 588 Words; This approach causes unnecessary animal suffering to both target and non-target species. Use effective personal shark deterrents; release electro-magnetic radiations that exceed the sensory range of shark's receptors. [21], There are also reports of shark attack survivors being harassed and abused on social media, presumably by extreme environmentalists. 501(c)(3) Non-Profit, Tax ID#: 82-1646340, The Truth about Shark Culling & the Devastating Environmental Impacts, According to the National Geographic estimates, we have already wiped out 90% of the worlds sharks. The Mauritius flying fox, another endangered animal, is also being decimated in disproportionate numbers. Most shark species take longer to reach maturity, especially the larger species such as bullshark, who take about. One of the best examples of this took place in China. Pollution Types, Shark Nets trap other small creatures as turtles (via Unsplash), The ocean plays an integral role in sustaining our environment and climate, so do sharks and every other creature that lives below the surface. The 199798 outbreak of the Nipah virus in Malaysia, for example, claimed the lives of over a hundred pig farmers. 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Culling is the process of selective elimination of animals based on traits or factors such as health, appearance, and sex. If a shark is sighted in the area leave the water as quickly and calmly as possible. For example, cattle with health and fertility issues, poor milk or meat quality, or age effects are usually eliminated. ", "Western Australia's 'Serious Threat' Shark Policy Condemned by Senate", "Western Australia's Shark Culls Lack Bite (And Science)", "Sharks: How a cull could ruin an ecosystem", "No Shark Cull: Why Some Surfers Don't Want to Kill Great Whites Despite Lethal Attacks", "Responding to the risk of white shark attack: updated statistics, prevention, control, methods and recommendation. You might be thinking that culling sharks would decrease the risk of attack, however, thats not the case. PROS: Ability to sight sharks from the air and potentially give warning to water-goers through the use of sirens or signals. Sure, sharks are dangerous and if they get you in their sights, they can destroy you in an instant. When it is supported by science and done in the right manner, culling offers many benefits to both humans and animals. The New South Wales Government believes shark nets are worth trialling and plans to install shark nets in a trial off the north coast before the end of the year. However, it was later discovered that the major transmitters of the virus were daytime mosquitos, meaning they had been killing the wrong species. When the disease is discovered, the best option is to cull the infected animals to prevent it from spreading. Avoid surfing at dusk, or alone, or in the most dangerous spotswithmurky water. "You're in their territory" is a common refrain from those who believe the best way to protect humans from sharks is to enter the water at your own risk. Culling offers many potential benefits, as highlighted below. 21-year-old Sarah Kate Whiley was attacked by as many as three sharks in Rainbow Channel. The balance between the shark vs. human attacks has been shockingly disturbed by shark culling. For example, breeders can invest in technologies that can establish if an embryo is male or female before the eggs hatch. However, the brutal way in which they are killed certainly needs to be rechecked. For example, between 1967 and 1994, South Africa culled a total of 14,562 elephants. In Australia, white sharks had caused several human fatalities. He adds:" killing endangered species to boost public confidence or to show government action is not workable. And what effect do they have on the marine environment? Shark culling is the deliberate killing of sharks by government authorities, usually in response to one or more shark attacks. [49] The nets were found to be detrimental to the environment700 non-target species were killed. "[15], Shark nets such as those used in New South Wales are designed to entangle and kill sharks and other animals that pass near them. Sharks are long-lived and slow-growing. [6] In addition, Western Australia Fisheries Minister Dave Kelly said "there is currently no scientific evidence to show that drumlines reduce the risk of a [shark] attack". Between 2017 and 2018, it was reported that 403 marine animals were killed by the use of shark nets. This should serve as a warning to those culling elephants. [17][11] The current net program in New South Wales has been described as being "extremely destructive" to marine life, including sharks. It was later discovered that the flying fox was the chief agent of pollination for more than half of the islands plant life. If these animals are left unchecked, they will completely alter or destroy the habitat they live in. There also economic benefits of culling domestic animals, especially in commercial farming. Depending on government policy, dangerous sharks can be euthanased or transported out to sea, while other non-target marine life can be released. But there has to be a plan in place to help achieve desired outcomes and mitigate the risks. Such ecological changes have indirect adverse effects on carbon cycling and, in the longer run, affect our ability to reduce climate change impacts. As stated earlier, culling should be based on solid facts and a well-thought-out plan of action. Some of the methods used to kill sharks include: On the surface, a shark net sounds like a pretty humane way to trap and release a shark, but shark nets are designed to kill. Valerie Taylor is a competitive spear fisher turned shark conservationist who is adamantly opposed to shark culling and the methods used. Culling is also done in dairy and beef farming to improve the herd performance and quality of produce. On the surface it makes sense that few sharks in the water would result in fewer bites on human. CONS: Traditional drumlines are designed to kill sharks. In spite of such efforts no significant decrease in . Here is a trailer of Shark Beach featuring Chris Hemsworth diving with sharks in Australia. [39][41] Environmental groups criticized the cull; Shark Conservation Australia called the killings a "disgusting knee-jerk reaction" and said it was "a very shameful day here in Australia". [69][6][31] They also say that shark culling is "outdated, cruel and ineffective". [41] National Geographic cameraman Andy Casagrande said the following about the cull: "When will basic intelligence and respect for the planet be a requirement for highly paid supposedly educated government officials? A smart drum line is based on the traditional drumline design, but includes technology that can alert rangers to the capture of marine life and they can then attend the device if sea conditions permit. Read the full story at: http://ab.co/19EtXgZ. The sharks' rights are enshrined in our law. The aim is to reduce that particular species population to a specific number or only those with specific traits. The breeder takes all things into consideration when envisioning their ideal for the breed or goal of their breeding program. The term "shark control" is often used by governments when referring to culls. [11], The shark-killing program in Queensland has been criticized by environmentalists, conservationists, and animal welfare advocatesthey say Queensland's shark-killing program is unethical and harms the marine ecosystem. The rationale for culling was a widely-held belief that tiger sharks were site-attached . The following was said about Queensland's use of lethal drum lines: "Lethal drum lines in Queensland are used to catch and kill sharks. In fact, when shark culling was carried out in Hawaii, between 1959 to 1976, over 4,500 sharks were killed and yet there was no significant decrease in the number of shark bites recorded. Shark culling has been criticized by environmentalists, conservationists and animal welfare advocatesthey say killing sharks harms the marine ecosystem and is unethical. [10], Shark culling mainly occurs in four locations: New South Wales, Queensland, KwaZulu-Natal and Runion. Drumlines are marine traps designed to capture sharks and many of them are used for shark culling. [38][39][19][40] The killings have been called a cull. [50][51] Some Native Hawaiians are against shark culling because of the significance of sharks in Hawaiian culture (sharks are viewed as aumakua, or personal-family gods). Some are suffocated in plastic bags, while others are electrocuted. On average, 15 great white sharks are caught by the NSW and Queensland shark control programme each year, compared to 186 caught in Australia from other activities. As a result, they were classified as pests, and the government initiated efforts to cull them. "[50], Animal rights activists note the suffering and cruelty inflicted upon animals caught in nets and drum lines: this suffering includes lacerations, stress, pain, disease, and death. Unfortunately, our government authorities aren't marine ecology experts and don't always understand the impacts of such a decision. sharks, causes a . Not only are shark attacks still common at beaches that have shark nets installed, and not only do they lead to a slow and painful death for the shark, but they kill other marine life as well. The decision was condemned by the environmentalist, conservationist, and native Australians alike, with. Unfortunately, instead of the yields increasing, they went down, causing greater losses. In spite of such efforts no significant decrease in rate of shark attacks was ever detected. They are set with baited hooks to ensnare these sharks, leaving them to die in agony. Mr Barnett says commercial fishermen are understandably wary. One such shark culling program, billed as a shark control program, in Hawaii which operated between 1959 and 1976 resulted in killing 4,668 sharks over an 18-year period. The same happens in North America, where tourists pay as much as 500 dollars to hunt White-tail deer. Alternative ways of dealing with this problem should be established. Marketers of a range of the products claim on their websites to have tested their efficacy, however the results range from working "some of the time" to "only on particular sharks" or "temporarily". Before we take a closer look at shark culling, lets address the prevalence of shark attacks. [11][21][22] They say there is no science showing that nets make the ocean safer for people. This is done to prevent habitat degradation, protect diversity, and reduce human-wildlife conflict. Environmentalists have proposed the banning of shark culling and the use of drum lines because they are threats to endangered species. Environmental Protection Authority of Western Australia, the French Overseas Department of Runion, "Can governments protect people from killer sharks? In Mauritius, the Mauritius flying fox had been causing great losses to farmers. PROS: Ability to sight sharks from the air and potentially give warning to water-goers through the use of sirens or signals. So, is culling animals good? The shark population has, d significantly in the number over the past few decades in Australia. [11][12][13][14], Carl Meyer, a researcher at the Hawaii Institute of Marine Biology, calls the disagreements about shark culling a "philosophical" debate, about "whether it is ethical to kill large predators in order to make the natural environment a safer playground for humans. For example, shark populations may take longer to recover after culls. As of May, 2021, the effectiveness of SMART drumlines were in question, adding more fuel to the controversial topic of shark culling. "[43], In a 30-year period, more than 33,000 sharks have been killed in KwaZulu-Natal's shark-killing program. Films like Jaws have given everyone the false impression that sharks are out there waiting for humans to bob by so they can snap and feast. If a particular species population becomes too large, that species becomes a threat not just to themselves but also to other animals. Any contact with animals should always be humane. PROS: Allows shark movement and behaviour to be monitored and studied, swimmers and surfers can be warned if a shark is detected close to shore. Those with undesirable traits are culled, allowing farmers to drive profitability. The KwaZulu-Natal Sharks Board (KZNSB) says, "Both types of equipment function by reducing shark numbers in the vicinity of protected beaches, thereby lowering the probability of encounters between sharks and people at those beaches." Baited Drumlines How Do They Kill Sharks? 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